but作连词表示“但是”，作介词表示“除了”，while作连词表示“当……的时候”，作名词表示“一会”；while强调的是两者同时发生，but意在强调后者；while强调对比，but强调转折，表示完全的转折。

but的用法

(1)He likes working,but she doesn’t like.

他喜欢工作，但她不喜欢。

(2)He is a boy,but he is like a girl.

他是个男孩，但他像个女孩。

(3)He was very tired,but he kept on working.

他很累，但仍继续工作。

(4)I ought to have helped her,but I never could.

我本应该帮她但没能。

(5)Honey is sweet,but the bee stings.

蜂蜜很甜，但蜜蜂有刺蜇人。

while的用法

(1)He is watching TV,while his wife is weaving.

他在看电视，而他的妻子在编织。

(2)He likes working,while she doesn’t like.

他喜欢工作，而她不喜欢。(but表示强烈的转折意为“但是”，while意为“而”。)

(3)He likes playing football,while his wife likes playing baseball.

他喜欢踢足球，而他的妻子喜欢打棒球。

(4)Some people waste food while others haven’t enough.

有些人很费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。

(5)The son was having a good meal at home while the parents were working in the fields.

儿子在家吃好饭而父母却在田里辛勤劳作。